See vanguard on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "van"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vanguardism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vanguardist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vandgard,vaunte garde,vaunt garde,wantgard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vandgard, vaunte garde, vaunt garde, wantgard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aphesis"
},
"expansion": "aphesis",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "avangarde,avant-garde,avantgarde"
},
"expansion": "Old French avangarde, avant-garde, avantgarde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "avant-garde",
"3": "vaward"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of avant-garde and vaward",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English vandgard, vaunte garde, vaunt garde, wantgard, from advaunte-garde, avauntgard with aphesis, from Old French avangarde, avant-garde, avantgarde, from avant (“before; in front”) + garde (“guard”). Doublet of avant-garde and vaward.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vanguards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vantguard",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vanguard (plural vanguards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "advance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "advance guard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "arrière-garde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "avant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "avant-garde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "avaunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "guard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rearguard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "retrogarde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vaward"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "arrière-garde"
},
{
"word": "rearguard"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [],
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"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
76,
86
]
],
"ref": "1622, Francis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban [i.e. Francis Bacon], The Historie of the Raigne of King Henry the Seventh, […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Matthew Lownes, and William Barret, →OCLC, page 35:",
"text": "They ſay, that the King diuided his Armie into three Battailes; whereof the Vant-guard onely well ſtrengthened with wings, came to fight.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The leading units at the front of an army or fleet."
],
"id": "en-vanguard-en-noun-en:leading_units",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"leading",
"leading#Adjective"
],
[
"units",
"unit#Noun"
],
[
"front",
"front#Noun"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"fleet",
"fleet#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) The leading units at the front of an army or fleet."
],
"senseid": [
"en:leading units"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "advance guard"
},
{
"word": "avant"
},
{
"word": "avant-garde"
},
{
"word": "van"
},
{
"word": "vaward"
}
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ṭalīʕa",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَلِيعَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "avanhárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantguarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiānfēng",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "先鋒 /先锋"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiāntóu bùduì",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "先頭部隊 /先头部队"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiānbīng",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "尖兵"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "qiánwèi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "前衛 /前卫"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "avangard"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "předvoj"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fortrop"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "voorhoede"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "avano"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "etujoukot"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avant-garde"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dianteira"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vangarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "avangardi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "ავანგარდი"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vorhut"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "emprosthofylakí",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "εμπροσθοφυλακή"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "חיל החלוץ"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urgharda"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avanguardia"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prima linea"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"alt": "ぜんえい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "zen'ei",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "前衛"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "jeonwi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "전위"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avangards"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priekšpulks"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "prethódnica",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "претхо́дница"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "avangárda",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "аванга́рда"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "prétstraža",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пре́тстража"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "pīpī"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fortropp"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "yazak",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "یزک"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "talâye",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "طلایه"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pišgâm",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "پیشگام"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pištâz",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "پیشتاز"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "awangarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "straż przednia"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anteguarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avangardă"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"rare"
],
"word": "antegardă"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toiseach"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "predstraža"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "predvoj"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguardia"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "förtrupp"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "taliba"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"roman": "muṉṉaṇi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "முன்னணி"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "ānte"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "avanhárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "tiền phong"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "tiên phong"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "avangard",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אַוואַנגאַרד"
}
]
},
{
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"_dis": "34 66",
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"text": "By some paradoxical evolution rancour and intolerance have been established in the vanguard of primitive Christianity. Mrs. Spoker, in common with many of the stricter disciples of righteousness, was as inclement in demeanour as she was cadaverous in aspect.",
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"text": "[O]ne minute this \"Jihadi John\" was struggling to get by, and get accepted, in drizzly England, unemployed with a mortgage to pay and a chip on his shoulder, and the next he stands in brilliant Levantine sunlight, where everything is clear and etched, at the vanguard of some Sunni Risorgimento intent on subjecting the world to its murderous brand of Wahhabi Islam.",
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"text": "The outsiders are looking more like insiders, the vanguard of a cultural and political shift that could be far more profound than in his first presidency.",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ṭalīʕa",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَلِيعَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantguarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiānfēng",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "先鋒 /先锋"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiānqū",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "先驅 /先驱"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "qiányán",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "前沿"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "avangard"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "předvoj"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantgarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "voorhoede"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "etujoukko"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "edelläkävijät"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "suunnannäyttäjät"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avant-garde"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Avantgarde"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spitze"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "protoporía",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοπορία"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "aván-gkarnt",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "αβάν-γκαρντ"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"alt": "先鋒",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "seonbong",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "선봉"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "lv",
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"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avangards"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priekšpulks"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "avangárda",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "аванга́рда"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "hāpai"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
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"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banebryter"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "no",
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"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avantgarde"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pišgâm",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "پیشگام"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pištâz",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "پیشتاز"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "pt",
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"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ro",
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"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avangardă"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "gd",
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"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toiseach"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "sk",
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"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "predvoj"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantgarda"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguardia"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "tät"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"roman": "muṉṉaṇi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "முன்னணி"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"roman": "nɛɛo-nâa",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "แนวหน้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "tiền phong"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "tiên phong"
}
]
}
],
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"tags": [
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]
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvænˌɡɑɹd/",
"tags": [
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},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛənˌɡɑɹd]",
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},
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"tags": [
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈveːnˌɡɐːd/",
"tags": [
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛnˌɡɐːd/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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}
],
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"Carl Röchling",
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{
"categories": [
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"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
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"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
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"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
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"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
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"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "van"
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{
"word": "vanguardism"
},
{
"word": "vanguardist"
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"expansion": "Middle English vandgard, vaunte garde, vaunt garde, wantgard",
"name": "inh"
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{
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{
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"expansion": "Old French avangarde, avant-garde, avantgarde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "avant-garde",
"3": "vaward"
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"expansion": "Doublet of avant-garde and vaward",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
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"forms": [
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"tags": [
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"obsolete"
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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[
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[
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"text": "By some paradoxical evolution rancour and intolerance have been established in the vanguard of primitive Christianity. Mrs. Spoker, in common with many of the stricter disciples of righteousness, was as inclement in demeanour as she was cadaverous in aspect.",
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"text": "[O]ne minute this \"Jihadi John\" was struggling to get by, and get accepted, in drizzly England, unemployed with a mortgage to pay and a chip on his shoulder, and the next he stands in brilliant Levantine sunlight, where everything is clear and etched, at the vanguard of some Sunni Risorgimento intent on subjecting the world to its murderous brand of Wahhabi Islam.",
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"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvanˌɡɑːd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vanguard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vanguard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vanguard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vanguard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vanguard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvænˌɡɑɹd/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛənˌɡɑɹd]",
"note": "/æ/ raising",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-vanguard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-vanguard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-vanguard.wav.mp3",
"note": "North Carolina",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-vanguard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-vanguard.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-vanguard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vanguard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vanguard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vanguard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-vanguard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Texas"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈveːnˌɡɐːd/",
"tags": [
"Australia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛnˌɡɐːd/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ænɡɑː(ɹ)d"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ṭalīʕa",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَلِيعَة"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "avanhárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantguarda"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiānfēng",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "先鋒 /先锋"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiāntóu bùduì",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "先頭部隊 /先头部队"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiānbīng",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "尖兵"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "qiánwèi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "前衛 /前卫"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "avangard"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "předvoj"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fortrop"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "voorhoede"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "avano"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "etujoukot"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avant-garde"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dianteira"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vangarda"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "avangardi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "ავანგარდი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vorhut"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "emprosthofylakí",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "εμπροσθοφυλακή"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "חיל החלוץ"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urgharda"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avanguardia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prima linea"
},
{
"alt": "ぜんえい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "zen'ei",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "前衛"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "jeonwi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "전위"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avangards"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priekšpulks"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "prethódnica",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "претхо́дница"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "avangárda",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "аванга́рда"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "prétstraža",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пре́тстража"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "pīpī"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fortropp"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "yazak",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "یزک"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "talâye",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "طلایه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pišgâm",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "پیشگام"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pištâz",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "پیشتاز"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "awangarda"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "straż przednia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguarda"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anteguarda"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avangardă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"rare"
],
"word": "antegardă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toiseach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "predstraža"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "predvoj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguardia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "förtrupp"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "taliba"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"roman": "muṉṉaṇi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "முன்னணி"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "ānte"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "avanhárd",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "tiền phong"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"word": "tiên phong"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "avangard",
"sense": "leading units of an army",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אַוואַנגאַרד"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ṭalīʕa",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَلِيعَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantguarda"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiānfēng",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "先鋒 /先锋"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiānqū",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "先驅 /先驱"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "qiányán",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "前沿"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "avangard"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "předvoj"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantgarda"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "voorhoede"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "etujoukko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "edelläkävijät"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "suunnannäyttäjät"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avant-garde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Avantgarde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spitze"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "protoporía",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοπορία"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "aván-gkarnt",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "αβάν-γκαρντ"
},
{
"alt": "先鋒",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "seonbong",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "선봉"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avangards"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priekšpulks"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "avangárda",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "аванга́рда"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "hāpai"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "banebryter"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avantgarde"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pišgâm",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "پیشگام"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "pištâz",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "پیشتاز"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguarda"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avangardă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "avangárd",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "аванга́рд"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toiseach"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "predvoj"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "avantgarda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vanguardia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "tät"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"roman": "muṉṉaṇi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "முன்னணி"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"roman": "nɛɛo-nâa",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "แนวหน้า"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "tiền phong"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "forefront of any group or movement",
"word": "tiên phong"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Battle of Hohenfriedberg",
"Carl Röchling",
"Jan Lewicki"
],
"word": "vanguard"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vanguard meaning in All languages combined (21.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.